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Registros recuperados: 197
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SPATIAL LABOUR MARKET PROCESSES AgEcon
Csehne Papp, Imola.
After the change of the political system, at the beginning of the 90’s, the territorial differences in Hungary deepened obviously. Approximately 1.5 millions jobs were terminated, the production in the former industrial centres declined, and the reorganization of the economical system started. All these afflicted the areas with the highest working power, so the crises in the different sectors of economy widened out into regional crises. Losing the Eastern markets in agriculture also destabilized the former structural and productional system, which were even deepened by the political decisions concerning the reorganization of the proprietorships. During a few years the rate of employment decreased dramatically, unemployment skyrocketed, and by 1993 it...
Tipo: Book Palavras-chave: Unemployment; Regional differences; Innovation; Education; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43185
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Stimulation of innovations: case of the Latvian IT cluster AgEcon
Zeibote, Zane.
This paper is based on assumption that innovation and competitiveness can be facilitated by clusters. The cluster approach has certain advantages which could be explored by firms looking for increased growth, competitiveness and innovation. The analysis of the Latvian Information Technology cluster shows that it has developed a platform for increasing competitiveness and innovation capacity for IT firms, and it helps to draw conclusions for further improvement of cluster and individual company performance.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Innovation; Competitiveness; Clusters; Cluster initiative; Information technology; International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; M15; O32.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94526
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Strategic Decision Making Under Uncertainty: Innovation and New Technology Introduction during Volatile Times1 AgEcon
Boehlje, Michael; Roucan-Kane, Maud.
www.ifama.org
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Deere and Company; Uncertainty; Real option; Organizational structure; Option; Risk; Innovation; Industrial Organization; Risk and Uncertainty; Q1.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92576
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Stratégies d'approvisionnement et d'innovation des entreprises de transformation des produits de la mer ArchiMer
Le Roux, Johann.
The seafood processing industry (SPI) is based on a natural renewable and common resource, these properties are different from those of agricultural resource. Can this distinction called in question the transposition of the model of development of the food processing industry to the SPI ? More precisely, can this distinction created differences concerning supply and innovation strategies between the two industries? To treat the problem, we join together two fields of investigation generally treated in a disjoined way : fishery economy and industrial organisation. We used a bio-economic model to analyse the incidence of the common-property of living marine resources. It shows some particularities on tree way : the expansion of the market, the supply...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Sea food processing industry; Agrofood industry; Sea food products; Supply; Innovation; Industrial organisation; Industrie halio alimentaire; Industrie agroalimentaire; Produits de la mer; Approvisionnement; Innovation; Economie industrielle.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/these-262.pdf
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Sustainability transformations: a resilience perspective Ecology and Society
Olsson, Per; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Sweden; per.olsson@stockholmresilience.su.se; Galaz, Victor; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Sweden; victor.galaz@stockholmresilience.su.se; Boonstra, Wiebren J; Stockholm Resilience Centre, Sweden; wijnand.boonstra@stockholmresilience.su.se.
Scholars and policy makers are becoming increasingly interested in the processes that lead to transformations toward sustainability. We explored how resilience thinking, and a stronger focus on social-ecological systems, can contribute to existing studies of sustainability transformations. First, we responded to two major points of critique: the claim that resilience theory is not useful for addressing sustainability transformations, and that the role of “power” in transformation processes has been underplayed by resilience scholars. Second, we highlighted promising work that combines insights from different theoretical strands, a strategy that strengthens our understanding of sustainability transformations. We elaborated three research...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article Palavras-chave: Agency; Innovation; Resilience; Social-ecological systems; Sustainability transformation.
Ano: 2014
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Sustaining Linkages to High Value Markets Through Collective Action in Uganda: The Case of the Nyabyumba Potato Farmers AgEcon
Kaganzi, Elly; Ferris, Shaun; Barham, James; Abenakyo, Annet; Sanginga, Pascal; Njuki, Jemimah M..
Uganda’s rapid urbanization, particularly in the capital city Kampala, offers new market opportunities for organized farmers to supply higher value produce for emerging growth markets such as multinational supermarket chains and fast food restaurants. Higher urban incomes allow consumers to shift from small shops and street food stalls to more formalized markets and modern food restaurants. These more formal market outlets provide both food safety and greater choice of produce. Supplying these outlets offers both higher income and improved business relations for farmers, but accessing these markets also requires significant upgrading in terms of product quality, more secure supply chains, and more efficient marketing and business management. To meet these...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Potato; High value markets; Fast food; Entrepreneurial; Social Cohesion; Innovation; Quality; And competitiveness; Marketing.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44348
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TEACHING NOTE FOR CASE STUDY: “STRATEGIC DECISION-MAKING UNDER UNCERTAINTY: INNOVATION AND NEW PRODUCT INTRODUCTION DURING VOLATILE TIMES AgEcon
Roucan-Kane, Maud; Boehlje, Michael.
This teaching note accompanies the case study titled “Strategic Decision Making under Uncertainty: Innovation and New Product Introduction during Volatile Times” published under the reference: Boehlje, M. And M. Roucan-Kane, ”Strategic Decision Making under Uncertainty: Innovation and New Product Introduction during Volatile Times”, International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, 12 (4), 2009. This case study outlines the strategic, marketing, and organizational issues facing the farm machinery and equipment division of Deere and Company as it is considering the development of products in the information domain, which encompasses many opportunities of disruptive innovations to market to new or underserved customers. While these disruptive...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Teaching note; Uncertainty; Innovation; Real options; Portfolio; Agribusiness; D81.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54372
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The Brazilian Wine Industry: a case study on geographical proximity and innovation dynamics Rev. Econ. Sociol. Rural
Farias,Claudio Vinicius Silva; Tatsch,Ana Lúcia.
This paper aims to analyze the cooperation and learning processes in the local system of vitiviniculture production of Serra Gaúcha's region (Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil), in order to characterize the dynamics of innovation of the firms located there. In methodological terms, a non-probabilistic exploratory study has been conducted. Field research in 20 wineries as well as interviews with related organizations were carried out in order to understand which learning mechanisms support innovative strategies adopted by enterprises. Since learning processes are also the result of local interactions, it was necessary to understand whether these interactions produced cooperative links. The results showed that innovations made by the firms were basically...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Learning; Innovation; Cooperation; Local production systems; Clusters; Vitiviniculture.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-20032014000300006
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The CGIAR at a Crossroads: Assessing the role of international agricultural research in poverty alleviation from an innovation systems perspective AgEcon
Ekboir, Javier M..
Globalization, technical change and migration are changing the dynamics of poverty and food production. These factors, combined with a better understanding of the nature of complex processes, are also changing the nature of scientific research, the roles researchers can play in poverty alleviation and the niches in which the CGIAR can operate. While keeping strong breeding and research programs, the CGIAR should devote increasing resources to better characterize the dynamics of poverty, redefine the networks it will use to promote the use of scientific information to foster innovation, link local innovators and researchers with international scientific networks, and help to build innovative capabilities in developing countries. These capabilities should...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: CGIAR; Innovation; Agricultural research; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52534
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THE CHOICE BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL AND ORGANIC FARMING – A HUNGARIAN EXAMPLE AgEcon
Ferto, Imre; Forgacs, Csaba.
The organic agriculture represents a promising alternative for the future of European agriculture. It is consistent with the notion of sustainable development set forth already in the 1992 CAP Reform. Despite of increasing importance of organic farming, the research on organic farming is still limited. This scarcity of the research is especially true for New Member States of the enlarged EU. This paper investigates the choice between conventional and organic production technologies for individual farmers in Hungarian agriculture. We apply a model that explicitly accounts for the effects of farm-specific variables like age and education on the expectations farmers have on the utility of both production technologies. In addition we take into account the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Innovation; Attitudes; Organic production; Diffusion; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57488
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THE CHOICE BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL AND ORGANIC FARMING. A HUNGARIAN EXAMPLE AgEcon
Ferto, Imre; Forgacs, Csaba.
The paper deals with organic produce in one of the largest and, concerning organic production one of the most diffused counties in Hungary, Pest County located in the north-central part of the country. Factors influencing farmers’ decision on adopting or not e.g. farm size, farm type, location, structure, market for organic products, existence of organic AEM were analysed. Hypotheses based on previous empirical literature were tested by a model explicitly accounting for the effects of farm-specific variables like age, education, size of farms and share of rented land. Logit model was estimated on a cross-section data set of Hungarian farmers for the period 2007. It appears that education has a positive impact on the choice between conventional and organic...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Innovation; Attitudes; Organic production; Diffusion; Agri-environmental measures; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53568
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The Circulation of Ideas in Firms and Markets AgEcon
Hellman, Thomas; Enrico, Perotti.
Novel early stage ideas face uncertainty on the expertise needed to elaborate them, which creates a need to circulate them widely to find a match. Yet as information is not excludable, shared ideas may be stolen, reducing incentives to innovate. Still, in idea-rich environments inventors may share them without contractual protection. Idea density is enhanced by firms ensuring rewards to inventors, while their legal boundaries limit idea leakage. As firms limit idea circulation, the innovative environment involves a symbiotic interaction: firms incubate ideas and allow employees to leave if they cannot find an internal fit; markets allow for wide circulation of ideas until matched and completed; under certain circumstances ideas may be even developed in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Ideas; Innovation; Entrepreneurship; Firm Organization; Start-Ups; Industrial Organization; D83; L22; M13; O31.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60751
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The dynamics of link formation in patent innovator networks AgEcon
Sebestyen, Tamas; Parag, Andrea.
The paper presents a simple extension of the Barabasi-Albert model of network evolution. This model is based upon the assumption that new links are formed not only according to the centrality of other nodes in a network but geodetic distance is also important in link formation. Simulation results show that if link formation is based on distance then the resulting network is more clustered than in the case of centrality being the dominant factor in link formation. Our empirical results show that in European regional patent inventor networks distance is a considerably more important factor in link formation than network centrality.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Innovation; Network evolution; Knowledge-transfer; Cluster.; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O31.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94631
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THE ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF INNOVATION IN SHEEP BREEDING AgEcon
Csatari, Gabor Bence.
During my investigations, I highlighted three innovations, all of which serve the production of a final product, sheep kefir. This product contains a unique added value and involves several innovational opportunities. I examined the complex economic analysis of the innovations and technological elements investigated with respect to revenues from the sale of sheep milk, sheep cheese (kashkaval) and sheep kefir. The kashkaval-type sheep cheese does not contain sufficient added value to cover the costs of innovational investments. Investigating the innovational activity for developing sheep kefir and for its market introduction, its cash flow balance becomes positive already in the second year after realization, and is able to generate significant profit.
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation Palavras-chave: Sheep breeding; Innovation; Recovery calculation; Sheep kefir; Sheep milk production; Livestock Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91119
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The Economic Impact of Genetically Engineered Crops AgEcon
Zilberman, David; Sexton, Steven E.; Marra, Michele C.; Fernandez-Cornejo, Jorge.
Outstanding Choices Article Award, 2011
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; GMO; Adoption; Innovation; Productivity; Crop Production/Industries; Q160; Q240; Q420.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94769
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The Effect of Innovation on Agricultural and Agri-food Exports in OECD Countries AgEcon
Ghazalian, Pascal L.; Furtan, William Hartley.
This paper investigates the effect of innovation on primary agricultural and processed food product exports among the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries. A theoretical gravity equation that accounts for innovation is derived. The empirical exercise uses panel data sets covering 21 OECD countries for the period 1990-2003. The R&D capital stock is employed as a tangible way of measuring innovation. Empirical results show that R&D has enhanced exports in the primary agricultural sector. Meanwhile, the market expansion effect of R&D appears to be more than offset by the market power effect in the food processing sector, resulting in a decrease in exports. Also, evidence was found of a positive vertical...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Food; Gravity equation; Innovation; OECD; R&D; International Relations/Trade; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7075
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The Environment and Directed Technical Change AgEcon
Acemoglu, Daron; Aghion, Philippe; Bursztyn, Leonardo; Hemous, David.
This paper introduces endogenous and directed technical change in a growth model with environmental constraints. A unique final good is produced by combining inputs from two sectors. One of these sectors uses "dirty" machines and thus creates environmental degradation. Research can be directed to improving the technology of machines in either sector. We characterize dynamic tax policies that achieve sustainable growth or maximize intertemporal welfare. We show that: (i) in the case where the inputs are sufficiently substitutable, sustainable long-run growth can be achieved with temporary taxation of dirty innovation and production; (ii) optimal policy involves both “carbon taxes” and research subsidies, so that excessive use of carbon taxes is avoided;...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Environment; Exhaustible Resources; Directed Technological Change; Innovation; Environmental Economics and Policy; O30; O31; O33; C65.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92839
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The Impact of Alternative Market Orientation Strategies on Firm Performance: Customer versus Competitor Orientation AgEcon
Micheels, Eric T.; Gow, Hamish R..
Research studies have differed over the importance of the relative emphasis of a customer versus competitor orientation in the development of a market orientation (Slater and Narver, 1994; Tajeddini, 2010). In this study, we assess whether the emphasis of one component over another of a market orientation is an important determinant of firm performance within the Illinois beef industry, specifically the cow-calf sector. Using a series of OLS regressions, we examine the importance of a market orientation, relative emphasis, learning, innovativeness, and a cost focus on firm performance. Our results suggest that a market orientation is an important determinant of firm performance while the relative emphasis of customer versus competitor orientation is not...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Innovation; Market orientation; Relative emphasis; Value discipline strategies; Marketing.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61738
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THE IMPACT OF REGULATION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW PRODUCTS IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY AgEcon
Menrad, Klaus; Blind, Knut.
Paper prepared for presentation at the 8th ICABR International Conference on Agricultural Biotechnology: International Trade and Domestic Production Ravello (Italy), July 8 to 11th, 2004
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Food industry; Regulation; Innovation; Biotechnology; Organic food; Functional Food; European Union; United States; Industrial Organization; L5; L66; O32.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91013
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The LEADER programme 2007-2013: refocusing towards agriculture-oriented activities as a consequence of ‘mainstreaming’ innovative rural action in Austria AgEcon
Oedl-Wieser, Theresia; Strahl, Wibke; Dax, Thomas.
Since the on-going funding period 2007-2013 the former European Community Initiative Leader has become a constituent part of Rural Development Policies. Above all the mainstreaming of Leader into the Rural Development Programme (RDP) as axis 4 has both significantly changed the level of funding and the way in which Leader is executed in comparison with the previous period (2000-2006). This paper discusses the impact and consequences of this mainstreaming process by the Austrian example, mainly because there are clearly concerns that the EU-wide successful Leader formula of bottom-up rural development will be replaced by a pronounced top-down approach in the new programme.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Leader mainstreaming; Rural development policy; Area-based local strategies; Innovation; Multi-sectoral activities; Community/Rural/Urban Development; R58; R59.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94622
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